Which of the following groups does Medicare cover when under the age of 65?

The choice indicating that Medicare covers those with disabilities or end-stage renal disease (ESRD) when they are under the age of 65 is correct because Medicare is specifically designed to provide health coverage to certain populations outside of the standard age threshold of 65. Individuals who qualify due to disabilities must have been receiving Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) for a minimum of 24 months to be eligible for Medicare benefits. Additionally, individuals diagnosed with ESRD, which is permanent kidney failure requiring dialysis or a kidney transplant, also qualify for Medicare regardless of their age.

Medicare's expansion of coverage to include these groups under 65 reflects the program's commitment to providing necessary healthcare services to those with significant medical needs, ensuring that they have access to vital treatment options.